The objective of this report is twofold: to provide a comprehensive assessment of the state of regulatory governance in infrastructure industries in Brazil and to suggest possible indicators for future monitoring. After the introduction, Section 2 sets up the analytical framework for the report,...

In 1498 Portuguese explorers discovered the sea route to Asia and for nearly 100 years no other nation managed to follow suit. This monopoly allowed Portugal to establish a vast maritime empire that positioned it to dominate the intercontinental trade in spices and other valuable goods between...

This paper argues that the effects of the food price crisis of 2007–08 put pressure on two variables that are of central importance to the Brazilian government: inflation and social inclusion. We describe how political institutions in Brazil in the past 25 years have given rise to a...

This paper analyses the specific mechanisms through which legal institutions and the Rule of Law affect firm performance using survey evidence from a sample of about 100 Brazilian firms in the textile and electronics industries. The data provide firms' perceptions of whether judicial...

If institutions are the key to prosperity, why don't all countries choose good institutions? This paper explores why it has been so hard for many countries to acquire development-enhancing beliefs. The paper uses fitness landscapes and coevolution as tools to understand how beliefs and...

The Brazilian Constitution of 1988 gave relatively strong powers to the president. We model and test executive-legislative relations in Brazil and demonstrate that presidents have used pork as a political currency to exchange for votes on policy reforms. In particular Presidents Cardoso and Lula...

Portuguese Abstract: Examinamos como as ONGs ambientais, mesmo com recursos escassos (votos e contribuições financeiras), conseguem influenciar de forma efetiva a política ambiental no Brasil. A inovação do trabalho consiste em utilizar a abordagem de agência comum e suas aplicações em...

We use NOMINATE (Nominal Three Step Estimation) (Poole and Rosenthal, 1983, 1997) to estimate ideal pointsfor all Supreme Court Justices in Brazil from 2002 to 2012. Based on these estimated preferences we identify the nature of the two main dimensions along which disagreements tend to occur in...

The OECD Guidelines for the responsible business conduct of Multinational Enterprises is one of the largest corporate social responsibility programs (CSR) in the world. By February 2021, 501 allegations of misconduct by multinational companies have been brought to the attention of the National...