Using the principle of subsidiary and the general rule of optimal intervention, this paper reviews the current discussion in the WTO on resolving the issues of environment-related trade and trade-related environmental measures with the rules of the multilateral trading system. Economic growth,...

Reduction in tariff rates has been one of the major developments in international trade. With the forged commitments in Uruguay Round and unilateral trade liberalization/tariff reduction programs under regional trading arrangements, further tariff reduction is expected. Despite the reforms and...

Despite commitments to the WTO and the AFTA, many agricultural commodities continue to enjoy protection in the form of tariffs and quotas. Still, the sector has performed dismally relative to other countries. Using tariffs alone, corn producers possess comparative advantage under the 5 percent...

Significant trade and industrial reforms have been instituted for more than a decade now. While the economy has been growing by more than 6%, there are recent indicators that cast doubts over the optimism on the reforms. In light of the recent developments, this paper discusses the impact of...

Recently, one of the most highly controversial reforms implemented in the Philippines is the trade reform program. It includes tarrification of quantitative restrictions, the simplification of tariff rates structure and the reduction in the tariff protection. This paper discusses the effects of...

The fast economic integration of the world in the 1990s has brought new players, new products and new technology into the market, paving the way for intense market competition. In response to this development, the Philippines embarked on a clear-cut change in trade policy in the 1990s, via...

В исследовании авторами предложен уровневый системный подход, позволяющий спрогнозировать траекторию пространственно-территориального развития цепи...

This paper analyzes factors that determine recent economic growth in the low-income countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States.2 The main findings are as follows: (1) productivity gains in export-oriented sectors and expansion of exports may have become the main sources of growth in...

Using firm-level data for Estonia for the years 1997-2005, we analyze the impact of international competition on firm dynamics, considering both firm closedown and product switching. We contribute to the literature in two important ways: (1) this is the first paper to study the determinants of...