A Monte Carlo experiment comparing translog cost and production systems indicates that the cost systems' biased estimates of returns to scale and input substitution elasticity's result from an error in variables problem and a disturbance with non-zero mean. Guidelines for when the cost or...

This paper examines the economic impacts of energy production from food processing wastes, and the production of high value food derivatives from food processing made possible by such developments. Construction and operation phases of industrial development are analyzed by modifying conventional...