Dieser Aufsatz reflektiert das Verständnis von Mensch und Natur, welches dem Denken von Malthus zugrunde liegt und kontrastiert es mit dem völlig anderen Verständnis seines Zeitgenossen William Wordsworth. Wir zeigen, dass die ökonomischen Überlegungen beider entscheidend durch diese...

In the classical monetary debates, the Banking School held that notes would be equally demand-elastic whether supplied by many or a single issuer. The Free Banking School held that notes would be less demand-elastic if supplied by a single issuer. These assertions have rarely, if ever, been...

The monetary economy has properties that cannot be analyzed using the tools of today's dynamic general equilibrium analysis. Keynes's economics, far from being an aberration in the otherwise orderly evolution of modern macroeconomics from Adam Smith's ideas about the "invisible hand," was a...

This article restates the essential link existing between Malthus' theory of prices and distribution, and his theory of effective demand. The first part of the article deals with his theory of prices and distribution, and shows that, although his contribution to this field has been largely...

The teacher and school reformer Amand Schindler belonged to the physiocratic writers on economics who in the late eighteenth century argued in favor of free trade and against the prevailing mercantilist policies. In particular, he claimed that the ban on exporting corn from Bohemia led to a...

Henry Thornton (1760-1815), whose major work - An Enquiry into the Nature and Effects of the Paper Credit of Great Britain - is celebrating its bicentennary in 2002, is considered today to be one of the most prominent classical monetary economist, in particular with regard to its seminal...

This chapter examines Charles Coquelin's contribution to the theory of crises in his own and Guillemin's Dictionnaire de l'économie politique (1852). The constantly operating cause he identified lies in the monopoly of the bank of issue. This causes a cumulation of tension within the system, as...

This chapter examines the features of the six earliest articles on commercial crises published in economic dictionaries and in encyclopedias, 1835-42. It is noted that they offered the very first definitions of ‘crises' found in the literature, although the conception was still rather trivial,...

Although Gerolamo Boccardo did not contribute an original theory of crises in his own Dizionario della economia politica (1857) - he relied, in fact, on the one formulated a few years earlier by Charles Coquelin - he introduced some interesting innovations. In particular, he examined the...

In his Dictionnaire des sciences politiques et sociales (1854), Auguste Ott (an otherwise obscure systematizer of Philippe Buchez's theory of social economic) contributed one of the few French criticisms of Say's law, and formulated a theory of crises based on the systematic disappointment of...