not lead to higher profits when internal pricing aligns with market values for green certificates. However, it stimulates …

This paper shows how the notion of value of cooperation, a measure of the percentage of a firm’s profits due strictly … to fit the parameters of the consumer demand function, and then simulating the resulting profit-maximizing dynamic system … data by solving a regressionproblem to fit the parameters of the consumer demand function,and then simulating the resulting …

deterioration in profits for most of these firms. Access to external finance is not a factor of concern for most SMEs; indeed, the …

two six-month periods continued for Spanish SMEs. However, higher production costs meant that profits declined at the …

surplus. On average, we find a tendency towards negative effects on profits. This result is less likely in phases of low …

Gulf and the Far East. We study how fluctuations in oil tanker rates, oil exports, shipowner profits, and bunker fuel … costs, voyage profits decline, as cost shocks are only partially passed on to round-trip voyage rates. Oil exports from the … Arabian Gulf also decline, reflecting lower demand for VLCCs. Positive utilization shocks are associated with higher profits …

Gulf and the Far East. We study how fluctuations in oil tanker rates, oil exports, shipowner profits, and bunker fuel … cost shocks. In response to higher costs, voyage profits decline, as cost shocks are only partially passed on to round … are associated with higher profits, a slight increase in time charter rates and lower fuel prices and oil export volumes …