In recent years due to factors, such as increases in greenhouse and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, global warming and climate changes has become a major threat for all countries. So in order to prevent this increased environmental pollution and degradation CO2 emissions must be reduced. This...

The relationship of economic growth with financial development and trade openness is analyzed with annual time-series data for Bolivia during the 1940-2010 period. The analysis is an advance over previous work in several ways. First, the hypothesis of a long-run relationship between these...

In this paper, we investigate both the long run and short run relationships between financial structure and economic growth using time series data. The presence of a unit root in the time series data was tested using Augmented Dickey – Fuller and Philips – Perron tests. The long run...

Among all the island countries of the world, Vanuatu, a small island nation in the South Pacific with a population of 220,000 was once ranked as the most vulnerable economy on the basis of having the least resilience to withstand the adverse impacts of external and internal shocks. Vanuatu is...

This paper utilizes cointegration theory, error correcting model and Granger causality testing theory to make an empirical research on the relation between urbanization and GDP in China, and also implements a comparative analysis to the relation between three industries and degree of...

As the largest developing country in the world, with rapid economic growth, China has witnessed fast-paced urbanization development over the past three decades. In fact, urbanization has been shown to promote economic growth and improve the livelihood of people, but it can also increase energy...

In the developing economy, tourism is the most visible and steadiest growing facade. Tourism is considered one of the rapidly increasing elements for economic development from the last two decades. Therefore, the proposed study used vector autoregression (VAR) model, error correction model...

This study investigates the causal relationship between financial development and economic growth in Sri Lanka over the period 1955 to 2005. After considering the time series characteristics of six measures of financial development, Johansen cointegration and the appropriate Error Correction...