With quarterly data of a sample period starting from 1973, the conventional unit root tests reject the null of nonstationarity in favor of the alternative of linear stationarity for short-term real interest rates (RIRs) of non-European industrial countries. There is evidence of nonlinearities in...

Since the 2008 financial crisis burst, public finance accounts in developed economies have been continuously deteriorating; both fiscal and monetary policies are reaching their limits, while unemployment rates are soaring and GDP growth is fragile, if not inexistent. The aim of this article is...

The Big Five model is widely used to measure and analyse personality traits in developed countries. However, there exist concerns regarding its validity in developing countries. We use a novel data set on personality traits from rural Thailand and Vietnam on around 4,000 individuals to test the...

The aim of this paper is twofold: First, we implement and validate the famous Big Five model on personality traits in a rural developing country setting. Second, we provide micro level evidence that examines personality traits of rural households in Thailand and Vietnam. Using new representative...

Die Frage nach der Kausalität fällt in die Methodologie. Methodologie ist in den Wirtschaftswissenschaften ein Bereich, der sowohl bei Ökonomen als auch bei Philosophen kaum Beachtung findet. Ökonomik hat sich ursprünglich als eine kausal erklärende Wissenschaft verstanden. Sie wollte für...

To be useful as a guide to behavior, a model that includes a relationship between x_t and z_t+1 must specify whether x_t is influenced by the expectation at t of z_t+1 or, that z_t+1 is inertially influenced by x_t. We show that, for a broad class of linear RE models, distinct causal...