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a generalized VAT. We find that this reform increases productivity by 2 percent and output by 3 percent as it improves … transfers) for informal employees increase relative to the earnings of formal employees, which decreases inequality. However …, the reform could affect some groups in the population,given the regressive nature of VAT and heterogeneity in the …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010486871
a generalized VAT. We find that this reform increases productivity by 2 percent and output by 3 percent as it improves … transfers) for informal employees increase relative to the earnings of formal employees, which decreases inequality. However …, the reform could affect some groups in the population,given the regressive nature of VAT and heterogeneity in the …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011445094
payroll tax to replace it with a generalized VAT (i.e., a reconfiguration of taxes). The authors find that this reform … employees increase relative to the earnings of formal employees, which decreases inequality. However, we also find that the … reform could affect some groups in the population, given the regressive nature of VAT and heterogeneity in the valuation of …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011303247
payroll tax to replace it with a generalized VAT (i.e., a reconfiguration of taxes). The authors find that this reform … employees increase relative to the earnings of formal employees, which decreases inequality. However, we also find that the … reform could affect some groups in the population, given the regressive nature of VAT and heterogeneity in the valuation of …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011314097
This Handbook entry presents a conceptual, normative overview of the subject of taxation. It emphasizes the relationships among the main functions of taxation—notably, raising revenue, redistributing income, and correcting externalities—and the mapping between these functions and various...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014023506
Published in late 2017, the Italian medium-term fiscal plan aims to achieve structural balanceby 2020, although concrete, high-quality measures to meet the target are yet to be specified.This paper seeks to contribute to the discussion by (i) assessing spending patterns to identifyareas for...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012922626
The relationship between income inequality and economic growth is complex. Some inequality is integral to the effective … functioning of a market economy and the incentives needed for investment and growth. But inequality can also be destructive to … finds that the duration of growth spells is robustly associated with more equality in the income distribution. Inequality …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014363231
-term growth and welfare in a currency union that faces fiscal rule constraints and inequality. To address this ongoing government …, inequality, and welfare depends on the type of fiscal policy adopted by government to fund it, notably the trade-off between … completely eliminating oil subsidies appears to be the best policy for reducing inequality while increasing growth and welfare …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014414077
inequality, using an unbalanced panel of 43 upper-middle and high income countries for the period 1972-2006. We consider and … estimate two individual equations explaining growth and inequality in order to assess the incidence of different fiscal … policies. Firstly, our approach considers imposing orthogonal assumptions between growth and inequality in both equations, and …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10008853189
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005820210