This paper explores the empirical relationship between bank competition, bank concentration, and the emergence of credit reporting institutions. The authors find that countries with lower entry barriers into the banking market (that is, a greater threat of competition) are less likely to have a...

This paper studies the credit market implications and real effects of one the largest borrower bailout programs in history, enacted by the government of India against the backdrop of the 2008-2009 financial crisis. The study finds that the stimulus program had no effect on productivity, wages,...

How do macroeconomic expectations affect consumer decisions? This paper reports results from a natural field experiment with 2,872 credit card customers from a large commercial bank to answer this question. Participants of the experiment first completed a survey that measured consumer...