towards a broader market-based financing of financial assets. As a consequence, regulated banks increasingly focus on coping … the financial system, i.e. to shadow banks highly relying on securitization and repos. Unfortunately, economic history has … unilateral inclusion of shadow banks into the regulatory framework, i.e. without access to central bank liquidity, has negative …

, the depreciation of public bonds and the loss of pre-eminence of the Southern public banks to the advantage of the …

largest banks are dropped from the sample. Results indicate that it is transitory. We also find a large effect of the crisis …

monopoly and its impact on the note issuing chartered banks. Between 1935-1950, Canadian chartered banks had to gradually … withdraw their notes from circulation. In a difference-in-differences analysis, I show that chartered banks constrained by new … the longer horizon, suggesting that note issuance was an important source of revenue for private banks and allowed them to …

or shadow banks have limited or no prudential regulations. This paper studies the macroeconomic impact of household …

We exploit variation in the share of seniors across European banking markets to construct an IV for banks' dependence … funding via targeted longer-term refinancing operations (TLTRO). This effect is stronger when banks face less competition …. Long-term central bank funding further motivates banks to reduce their dependence on debt issuance and increase their money …

affected banks and by non-affected non-bank financial institutions (NBFIs)? To answer this question, we apply a difference … that insurance companies, financial enterprises, and factoring companies - but not leasing companies - and Non-EBA banks … expand their corporate lending relative to EBA banks. In particular, NBFIs use the opportunity to expand their credit …