impact of the aggression, the heightened terrorist threat has some long-lasting, if diffuse, macroeconomic repercussions … risk, higher trade costs possibly affecting international trade, and stepped-up security spending partially rolling back …

and consumption go down as well. Governments can offset terror by putting tax revenues into the production of security …

The criminality rate in Colombia (crime/population) grew rapidly between the middle seventies and eighties, since then … kidnapping. In a similar way defense, security and justice spending have grown. This paper will present some reasons that explain …

been happy with the Afghan Security Forces and ad hoc militias and only replaced them because of political reasons or … because they felt that they were no longer needed. By contrast, the work of private security companies seems to have satisfied … money to the governments involved in the medium and long-term. Moreover, private security contractors are not subject to the …

This piece provides a Foreword to the new journal by the chair of Economics for Peace and Security. …

transnationalism, especially of transnational security concerns, into any consideration of peace in the region. Transnational threat …

This paper considers the economic theories that are relevant for the study of peace war and international security . It … presents different levels of generality, starting with the big questions of international security, which are usually the … specific developments in economics and security. More specifically it reviews the economics of security, distinguishing …