Whilst the benefits of forward contracting for goods and services have been extensively researched in terms of mitigating market power effects in spot markets, we analyse how the risk in spot price formation induces a counteracting premium in the contract prices. We consider and test a...

This paper develops a methodology to test whether recent developments on world oil markets are in line with the hypothesis of efficient markets. We treat the joint hypothesis problem as stated by Fama (1970), Fama (1991), that market efficiency can only be assessed in conjunction with a price...

In this paper we develop a continuous time factor model of commodity prices that allows for higher order autoregression and moving average components. The need for these components is documented by analyzing the convenience yield's time series dynamics. Making use of the affine model structure,...

We consider a firm that procures a commodity through a combination of options and spot contracts to process it and then distribute it to the downstream retailers to satisfy random demand. This commodity is traded on an organized exchange where evolution of prices offers no risk-free arbitrage....

Energy companies with commitments to meet customers' daily electricity demands face the problem of hedging load and price risk. We propose a joint model for load and price dynamics, which is motivated by the goal of facilitating optimal hedging decisions, while also intuitively capturing the key...

Electricity markets feature a non-storable underlying, which implies the break down of traditional cash-and-carry arguments as well as the well-known spot-forward relationship. We introduce the notion of information premium to describe the influence of future information - such as planned power...

I provide, in this paper, evidence on the contribution of crude oil excess volatility to the volatility index. Crude oil leads the volatility index by 16 basis points (BP) 6 months ahead of time. This leadership is reversal and covers the period from January 21, 2000 to the end of 2011. The...

We consider the model risk inherent in the valuation procedure of fossil power plants. To capture model risk we use risk-capturing functionals, a methodology recently established in a series of papers. As gas-fired power plants are seen as flexible and low-carbon sources of electricity which are...

There has been a widely participated debate about whether the rather unusual volatilities in the world commodity markets around 2008 could be attributed to ‘overspeculation'. This paper managed to shed some new light on this by measuring the extent to which the capital inflows and outflows...