alternative technical measures for natural hazard mitigation as well as with the results of a risk-based evaluation. We conclude … that the willingness to pay for avalanche protection of forests is about the same range as the collective risk related to a …

levels of risk, and thereby unnecessarily stifle medical progress. To address this criticism, regulators are currently … developing more risk-adapted approaches to regulating research. A key feature of these approaches is that they aim to calibrate …

, bank characteristics (in particular, observed solvency, cash-flow generation and cost efficiency) also affect ratings …

and variable properties of the incremental cost and the risk of fluctuations in the cost, and establishes a comprehensive … risk-based pricing model for long-distance transmission of large-scale wind power electricity. Gansu Province in China has … eliminate the volatility risk inherent in each simple allocation method, and the fixed and variable characteristics of the …

Although considerable progress has been made in understanding the determinants of risk perception and in identifying … the necessary components of effective food risk and benefit communication, this has not been matched with the development … of new media and web technologies, which may offer potential for improving food risk and benefit communication. First …

models in which the exogenous state variables follow conditionally linear stochastic processes displaying time-varying risk …. The first-order approximation is consistent with a conditionally linear model in which risk is still time-varying but has … second-order approximation of the solution, instead, is sufficient to get this role. Moreover, risk premia, evaluated using …

This paper assesses the impact of risk and shocks on non-farm enterprise development in rural Ethiopia using a matched … household–enterprise–community dataset augmented with precipitation based measures of risk. The likelihood of running a non …-farm activities thus provides limited protection against fluctuations in agricultural performance. This may explain why ex-ante risk …

characterize the decision makers’ risk preferences through a uniquely defined utility function. Motivated by these considerations … processes where the implications of additional probability and utility information or further risk constraints are shown in …