inappropriate. More importantly, victims of such abuse also start to believe that punishers' free-riding and punishment are …

We formally explore the idea that punishment of norm-breakers may be a vehicle for the older generation to teach … between past, present, and future punishment. Information about the past is important for youngsters, because the past shapes … the future. Reward-based mechanisms may also work and are welfare superior to punishment-based ones. However, reward …

cooperation and strategies, such as punishment and gossip, to promote cooperation in social dilemmas. In two studies involving …’ ability to distribute resources in a dictator game, and measure punishment, gossip, and cooperative behaviors in a multi …-round public goods game. Findings largely replicate previous research showing that punishment and gossip opportunities increase …

mechanisms to the dilemma in recent decades. Although punishment is thought to be a key mechanism, evolutionary game theory has … revealed that the simplest form of punishment called peer punishment is useless to solve the dilemma, since peer punishment … itself is costly. In the literature, more complex types of punishment, such as pool punishment or institutional punishment …

systems exist that avoid these costs and whether other, more centralized, punishment systems are superior and will be … preferred by the people. Here, we show that welfare-enhancing peer sanctioning without much need for costly punishment emerges …. The exogenous removal of the norm consensus opportunity reduces the efficiency of peer punishment and renders centralized …

preferred by the people. Here, we show that welfare-enhancing peer sanctioning without much need for costly punishment emerges …. The exogenous removal of the norm consensus opportunity reduces the efficiency of peer punishment and renders centralized … peer sanctioning with a norm consensus opportunity or an equally efficient institution with centralized punishment by an …

whether to engage in costly punishment of a free rider in a survey-based experiment with 1423 students from seven study areas …