Anglophone African countries have been implementing reform and modernization initiatives in their Customs … 1990s, and assesses the gap between these reforms and those of more modern Customs agencies. The review suggests that … Customs administration reform and modernization initiatives in Anglophone African countries generally lag behind international …

This paper outlines reforms that have been achieved in the modernization of the customs administrations of francophone … insufficient, particularly in developing customs control and enforcement capacities, and enhancing operational resources and …, adequate technical assistance and project management, and effective implementation of modern customs standards, are critical to …

countries over the past decade with IMF assistance. Although reforming tax and customs administration is neither quick nor …

We examine the effect of tariff policies on evasion of customs duties, in the context of the trade reform in India of …, the effect of tariffs on evasion, and relate this elasticity to factors related to customs enforcement or the quality of … customs institutions. We find a positive and robust effect of tariffs on import tax evasion. We then show that the evasion …

's customs code is restrictive relative to that of comparable regional integration groups. The paper also discusses a number of … has surged and customs administration remains weak. …