This analysis clarifies the ambiguous results from military spending and economic growth literature where the impact of military expenditure is frequently found to be non-significant or negative. Investigation re-examines effects of military spending on growth by analysing this relationship...

This letter explores the different implications of patent breadth and R&D subsidies on economic growth and endogenous market structure in a Schumpeterian model. We find that the two policy instruments have the same positive effect on economic growth when the model exhibits scale effects under a...

The study examines the role of human capital in the economic growth of Pakistan by using primary, secondary and higher education enrolments as proxies for human capital in three different specifications. The idea behind these models is to find out the most relevant level of education in terms of...

This paper surveys the literature that examines the effect of education on economic growth. Specifically, we apply meta-regression analysis to 56 studies with 979 estimates and show that there is substantial publication selection bias towards a positive impact of education on growth. Once we...

This paper aims to investigate the relationship between physical infrastructure and economic development of Pakistan. A composite index of physical infrastructure has been constructed through Principal Component Analysis. This has been done by taking into account three different dimensions of...

As by product of economic growth, jobs are indeed transformational. In other words, efficiency increases as workers get better at what they do (as more productive jobs appear and less productive one disappear). In fact societies flourish as jobs bring together people from different ethnic and...

This paper addresses the debate in the literature on how developing countries are affected by foreign monetary policy shocks. I analyze how contractionary monetary policy shocks originating in different regions, specifically the Euro Area (“EU”) and United States (“US”), affect a set of...

We study the relationship between financial development, technological development and economic growth in Romania. We construct aggregate indices of financial development and technological development using principal component analysis. The ARDL bounds testing approach shows the presence of...

The following paper studies possible impacts of financial integration under different economic conditions, such as financial and equity market development and trade openness. It applies mixture of models, namely General Methods of Moments (GMM), Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), two-staged OLS,...

This paper empirically examines the causality between crime rates and economic growth using state level data in India. A reduced form equation has been estimated using instrumental variable approach to correct for joint endogeneity between crime and economic growth. Higher crimes may reduce...