This study seeks to provide an analysis based on positive and empirical approaches to the budget-making process in Venezuela from 1974 to 2004 in order to understand budget expenditure decisions and to analyze the actors and forces which affect the outcome. It will tackle the following tasks:...

There are three principal redistributive fiscal instruments available to governments in modern mixed economies: a) progressive taxes on income or assets, b) monetary transfers (social security and social assistance), and c) non- monetary transfers, or the subsidized provision of goods and services.

This study advocates the adoption of an alternative development model in Suriname. Suriname adopted a state-centered and inward-looking development model in the early 1980s, although elements of the model had been present long before that time.

The label tax expenditure provides a strong indication as to what the term is intended to apply to any use of the tax system designed to provide a financial benefit. As such, a tax expenditure can be rather generally considered to be any special provision in the tax system which allows for a...

Presented the first paper on review of the need for a general capital increase of the ordinary capital and replenishment of the fund for special operations.

This review of the fiscal adjustment in Belize focuses on the revenue requirement of the Government in the short term as well as the tax reform measures that are needed in order to meet the longer term revenue requirements of the public sector. The study examines the country's tax design, its...

This paper outlines the steps that the Government of Cyprus took to transform its tax system between 1990 and 2001 in order to prepare itself for admission into the European Union. Cyprus has many of the same economic features as the countries of the Caribbean and Central American regions. In...

This study summarizes the assessment of the impact of fiscal policies on equity in the Andean countries. It evaluates the outcome of the main taxes and social public expenditures on income distribution applying a homogeneous methodology. The full effect of taxes is slightly regressive due to a...

This paper sketches the outline of "Theory of Fiscal Policy" in its most essential elements and outlines the assumptions implicit in it. It then argues that the reality can be far removed from this theory, at least in some countries.

This document identifies tax compliance issues that have the potential to create significant barriers to foreign investment in Latin America and suggests some steps that local tax authorities and the international tax community can take.