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The measurement of productivity change (or difference) is usually based on models that make use of strong assumptions such as competitive behaviour and constant returns to scale. This survey discusses the basics of productivity measurement and shows that one can dispense with most if not all of...
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generation of rents (as a distinctly different mechanism from profit maximising business activity), we use a broader notion of … rent than it was customary in the past 50 years. We return to the Ricardian tradition and define the institution of rent as … alia - the income of those whose jobs are protected by unions or professional associations, with the same holding for top …
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Profit is the general index summing up the outcomes of company industrial and economic activity and evaluating its … efficiency. To reveal the point of profit one should consider its formation and evolution as well as contemporary scientists …' insight into the concept. The article covers the formation of profit in the context of economic historical development …
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capitalists want a recovery; how else can they prosper? According to the textbooks, both mainstream and heterodox, capital … and the unemployed – serves not to undermine but to boost the overall income share of capitalists. And as employment … growth decelerates, the income share of the Top 1% – which includes the capitalists as well as their protective power belt …
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