The purpose of this paper is to consider the effectiveness of land use policy as aninstrument for reducing environmental and other external costs associated with ownership anduse of the private automobile. Emphasis is placed on the long run, since land use change is a slowprocess, and...

New York City is often held up as a successful example of arts-led economic development. Case studies have documented the influx of avant-garde artists and galleries into several neighborhoods, including Greenwich Village, SoHo, and Chelsea, followed by yuppies and boutiques. Some researchers...

This paper addresses the market's perception of risk from terrorism by examining the prices of single-family homes before and after the terrorist attacks on September 11th, 2001. In the wake of the attacks, government officials responded by raising security at sites considered to be likely...

The homeownership rate in the United States was essentially stagnant during the 1980's. This stagnation should be a source of concern if the rate reflects stagnant economic conditions and ownership opportunities, not if it simply reflects changing demographic conditions or preferences. Using a...

Since World War II, economic and demographic forces, possibly along with the consequences of earlier housing and infrastructural policies, 1 has flattened the population - density gradient in metropolitan areas across the United States, while presumably reducing the vitality and dense social...

This essay will examine the development of housing strategies for low and moderate income countries by framing a set of questions, attempting to answer those questions, considering the policy implications of the questions, and developing strategies for dealing with those policy implications.The...

This paper estimates the short- and long-run effects of universities on geographic clustering of economic activity, labor market composition and local productivity and presents evidence of local spillovers from universities. I treat the designation of land-grant universities in the 1860s as a...

One of the chief concerns that US policy-makers have discussed in the recent welfarereform legislation is that individual states will engage in a "race to the bottom". In order to avoidoffering relatively generous welfare packages that would attract recipients, states would cutbenefits. While...

To protect against losses when borrowers prepay to take advantage of declining interest rates,banks and insurance companies have come to rely on "yield maintenance" clauses. Theseprovisions require the borrower to make a lump sum payment to cover the lender’s potential lossfrom...

School safety is a critical issue for school staff and administrators, policymakers, and parents across the nation. Media coverage of school shootings, gang violence, and bullying at school and online highlight the increasing need to understand how safe students feel at school, and how school...