This paper shows that countries with weak banking system and fiscal institutions, should benefit from the presence of foreign banks, which can constitute a commitment and transparency device. Foreign banks can also reduce the probability of self-fulfilling speculative attacks. A strong presence...

The new ongoing world economy processes and political events have affected the Baltic countries. All these countries faced in a short time the complex of environmental conditions as the pressure of EU debt crisis, weak euro against the dollar, the Russian-Ukraine conflict, sanctions against...

On 4 March 2011, SUERF – The European Money and Finance Forum and the National Bank of Poland jointly organised a conference on the theme of: "Monetary Policy after the Crisis". Following a call for papers with a large number of submissions, the scientific committee selected 9 papers, which...

The paper examines economic and political challenges of joining the euro area in the case of Poland. After reviewing the economic developments since the pre-accession period and assessing economic convergence with the euro area the paper focuses on the political and institutional challenges of...

Nominal, real and structural convergence within the EU is a strong topic for the central banks and the European Central Bank. Joining the Economic and Monetary Union is a challenge for both acceding and participating economies. The convergence has a strong economic and political implications for...

The author starts from the thesis that it is especially necessary to manage the poduction of cash money, taking into consideration and applying the conceptions of modern management. Cash money (metallic and paper) is a specific quot;productquot; that is produced according to the needs of...

We calculate an quot;enlargedquot; Phillips curve for a theoretical EMU with 12+8 Member States. Both the empirical evidence and the econometric analysis show the worsening of the trade-off between inflation and unemployment, and hence the need to revise, at least temporarily, the stance of the...

Despite the significant academic interest in the economic cohesion, the various aspects of convergence and the ways they can be measured still remain theoretically unclear. These are issues of extreme political significance, especially for countries aspiring for EU and euro area membership. The...

This article was invited from the author in response to the June 2022 Bruegel.com blog post by Zsolt Darvas – and see the separate article in this issue – about the decision to let Croatia into the euro area while keeping Bulgaria out; and intended to elicit a view from Bulgaria. The author...