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In preparing for the discussions of the Iraqi Constituent Assembly, IMF and World Bank staff and consultant experts presented to senior officials from the central and local governments in Iraq, including from Kurdistan, key options that might be relevant for the discussions. This paper reflects...
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simple budget systems based on an interpretation of the “Westminster model†around the time of independence. Country …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005248096
these budget principles. First, it addresses the principle of unity and universalism. More in particular, it discusses the … practice. Second, the paper deals with the principle of an efficient division of the budget. It is concluded that the … credibility of the main argument for a capital budget, being that it reinforces the allocation function of the budget, is …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005619677
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This paper examines the relationship between the structure of R&D fixed capital spending, measured as the ratio of the private sector to public sector R&D capital expenditure, and national total factor productivity. It employs South African data for the period 1965 to 2019. This study employs...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014500892
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This paper examines the problems in establishing currency convertibility- and the optimal timing- in formerly planned economies making the transition to market-oriented systems.
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005824848