This paper argues that the central function of the board of directors is, and has always been, to provide assurance, and reassurance. The paper introduces a typology of four classes of board functions, legal, normative, descriptive, and utilitarian, and argues that none adequately captures the...

Research at the intersection of industries, regions, cities, clusters and economic growth has populated the academic literature with new concepts such as place-based policies and strategies. The concept of ‘place management’ originates from the concept of urban development, alongside its...

European Smart Specialization (S3) policies aim to mobilize innovation and entrepreneurial capabilities and to deliver job creation and economic growth through inter-regional cooperation. The foundation principles for this policy initiative are an entrepreneurial discovery process that aims to...

The East African Asians have become an integral part of the commercial sector in post independence era. Today, they virtually control almost all the trade and commerce. Asians in East Africa still continue to operate under a hostile business environment. They are regarded as exploitative and...

Using a novel dataset of 149 early stage start-up firms, I empirically examine how prior entrepreneurial founding experience affects the timing and valuation of venture capital (VC) funding. Such founding experience results in both enhanced skill in building current start-ups and in improved...

Previous research has emphasized the positive impact of supportive informal relations on workers in various occupational settings. Such support seems particularly important for workers who aspire to be self-employed, running their own businesses. Existing theory, however, offers little guidance...

Clusters are groups of firms, related actors, and institutions that are located near one another and that draw productive advantage from their mutual proximity and connections. Clusters arise and grow because the firms within them profit materially from the presence of powerful...

This paper discusses how markets and society relate to each other. We present and discuss three views: markets as separate, markets as embedded, and markets as impure. One’s stance on the contribution of markets to welfare hinges on the conceptualization of market and other spheres in society....

En este trabajo se realiza una revisión de la literatura reciente sobre las redes de emprendimiento. Desde una perspectiva instrumental, se pretende integrar las descripciones teóricas acerca de cómo el contenido y la estructura de las redes sociales contribuyen al éxito de la actividad del...