A transient-thermal model based on a lumped system is newly developed and implemented in a one-dimensional (1D), two-phase rigorous direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) model presented in Part I. In this model, the main focus lies on the investigation of the transient thermal behavior of DMFCs and...

Fuel cells have great application potential as stationary power plants, as power sources in transportation, and as portable power generators for electronic devices. Most fuel cells currently being developed for use in vehicles and as portable power generators require hydrogen as a fuel. Chemical...

Progress always requires energy. Up today, the energy needs have been provided by combustion of fossil fuels and this has increased the air pollution and the emission of greenhouse gasses. Consequently, the greenhouse emission problem could represents a concrete opportunity to promote the...

Two flow problems relevant to fuel cell modeling are simulated with the lattice-Boltzmann (LB) approach. The first is a 3D viscous flow through a section of serpentine channel and the second is a 2D channel filled or partially filled with porous medium. In the first case, attention is given to...

The results are presented of a techno-economic analysis of systems integrating biomass gasification plant with phosphoric acid and molten carbonate fuel cells. The cases studied relate to the generation of electricity at a scale of 500 kWe. At this level, the plant would be suitable for...

Heat engines based on fossil fuel combustion produce harmful pollutant emissions. Environmental concerns and sustainable development call for new technology for energy conversion and power generation, which is more efficient, environmentally friendly and compatible with alternative fuels and...

Platinum is increasingly used intentionally and non-intentionally in several applications. This has raised the concern about its future resources, emissions and losses during its life cycle. On the one hand, increasing platinum emissions might affect human health. On the other hand, the...