The duplication–divergence mechanism of network growth has been widely investigated, especially in gene and protein networks. Both the duplication and divergence have a key role in biological network evolution. However, the relative roles of these mechanisms in the influence of disassortative...

The present paper is mainly concerned with the issues of synchronization dynamics of complex delayed dynamical networks with impulsive effects. A general model of complex delayed dynamical networks with impulsive effects is formulated, which can well describe practical architectures of more...

The main objective of the present paper is further to investigate global synchronization of a general model of complex delayed dynamical networks. Based on stability theory on delayed dynamical systems, some simple yet less conservative criteria for both delay-independent and delay-dependent...

More and more experiments show that small RNAs regulate gene expression by repressing translation of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) or degrading mRNAs. In this paper, we incorporate the small RNAs into a simple gene regulatory network and investigate its dynamical behaviors. In addition, we also derive...

The relationship between lag synchronization and pattern formation is investigated in this article by taking networked dynamics as spatio–temporal models. Firstly some results in two-dimensional open flow models with unidirectional coupling term are presented, and sufficient conditions for...

Tanzania is well placed to receive a significant increase in aid inflows in coming years. Despite the potential for the additional aid inflows to raise income levels in the country, increasing them may bring about structural changes in the economy that may be unwelcome. One such change is an...