Efficient infrastructure is a prerequisite of, and critical to, development. Only some projects generate a positive rate of return, but all of them should generate positive non-economic impacts and contribute social gains. Social impact is considered as a consequence or effect of decisions or...

In the scope of the financial crisis and constraints in SMEs financing special attention is focused on the guarantee schemes and funds. The purpose of the article is to present the Polish guarantee funds valuation based on the funds’ activity data. The article highlights the guarantee schemes...