We present an economic impacts model based on direct expenditures for European cycle routes, originally designed in 2009 as part of a study commissioned by the European Parliament. At its request, the study was updated in 2012, including a refined version of our model which takes some...

Saemaul Undong was a community-based integrated rural development programme of the Republic of Korea in the 1970s which contributed to narrowing the developmental gap between urban cities and rural communities over a decade. Its success can be attributed to its implementation of basic strategies...

MARSDEN T. and BRISTOW G. (2000) Progressing integrated rural development: a framework for assessing the integrative potential of sectoral policies, Reg. Studies 34 , 455-469. This paper reports on the development of a methodology for assessing how sectoral policies work to progress wider rural...

The concept of integrated rural development also represents a suitable approach for solving rural development problems in Europe. There are several reasons supporting the concept of rural development: changing framework conditions require new solutions and policies; rural areas need...

Bhutan has evolved from a closed economy to a trading nation that exhibits a high degree of dependence on trade. Exports have grown rapidly but overall the country’s trade deficit continues to widen owing to an even faster growth in the value of imports. The manufacturing and industry...