On the grand composite curve of a heat exchange network, a heat pocket exists when a local heat source above the pinch point or a local heat sink below the pinch point appears. In this paper, heat recovery in the heat pocket is presented by combining the pinch technology and exergy analysis....

Centrifugal pumps are widely used in cooling water systems to transport cooling water to its users. They are installed in the header line of the feed pipe, constituting a main pump network. The pressure head of the main pumps must be large enough to satisfy the pressure heads of all coolers. The...

A new method based on the heat duty–time (Q–t) diagram is proposed for heat integration of heat exchanger networks featuring batch streams. Using the Q–t diagram method, the energy targets and the structure of the initial heat exchanger network can be easily obtained. The method can be...

Variation in the physical and chemical environment driven by climate change poses severe threats to the world cultural heritage. Assessing climate risk of cultural heritage is significant to their protection, especially for countries such as China which has a long history and a large amount of...

Due to information asymmetry, the negative impact of R&D subsidies misallocation is becoming increasingly obvious. This study constructs a two-step empirical analysis framework to examine the effect of R&D subsidies on enterprise R&D inefficiency from a view of resource misallocation. Using a...