earnings between men and women in Russia caused by sector segregation account for seem to be more important than the gap …

This paper provides the results of analyses of key problems related to pension systems and their reforms in Russia and …

and Russia is investigated using micro-data for 2002, 2013, and 2018. Estimated logit models show that, in both countries … female. We find that seniors in urban Russia are more likely to work for earnings than their counterparts in China. Two … earnings in urban China than in urban Russia. This is consistent with the facts that the normal retirement age is strictly …

, and a migrant from Russia. We found significant differences in employment outcomes across ethnic groups in the selected … requiring high-skilled workers. Our findings provide evidence for less favorable attitudes towards migrant workers from Russia … during the Russia-Ukraine conflict. …