demonstrate that the historical informal institution of organized crime can undermine current institutions, even in religiously … punishment norms failing to resolve these deficits. Our study suggests that a culture of organized crime can affect adolescent … norms and attitudes that might support a vicious cycle of in-group favoritism and crime that in turn hinders economic …

judicial administration of organized crime firms through the imposition of external managers in order to remove the connection …, suggesting that the burden the organized crime firms impose on other firms is very large. Firms' performance and turnover … increases by 2.2 and 0.7 percent, respectively, in the first four years after an organized crime firm enters the status of …

Organized crime reinforces its corrupting influence on politics through violent intimidation. Anti-crime measures that …

Organised crime tightens its corrupting influence on politics through violent intimidation. Anti-crime measures that … retaliate by resorting to violence in lieu of bribery. On the other hand, this kind of anti-crime measure might also induce …