Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) related to traditional knowledge (TK) have been controversial and there has been accusations of bio-piracy and unauthorized appropriation of TK in the form of patents etc. There were reports that patents on Yoga had been granted by U.S. PTO and this was later...

This article advocates the use of an open source model as an alternative intellectual property rights regime for seeds and plant varieties. The BioLinux model suggested in this article is based on open source principles. The article traces the evolution of intellectual property rights and...

Section I: Introduction -- Chapter 1. Cartagena Protocol, Socio-Economic Assessment and Literature Review of Socuio-Economic Assessment (SEA) Studies in India -- Chapter 2. International Experience in Socio-Economic Assessment -- Chapter 3. Cost-Benefit Analysis. Chapter 4. Sociological Aspects...

Technology development and transfer has been identified as a key element in the Bali Action Plan. In the negotiations on a global climate treaty the developing nations have put forth ideas and plans to ensure that intellectual property rights (IPRs) do not become a barrier to transfer of climate...

Can products of nature or substances occurring in nature be patented? Where does discovery end and invention begin? Does TRIPS mandate patenting of micro-organisms? This chapter addresses these questions and examines the relevance of products of nature doctrine, in the context of scientific and...