Clinically objective measures such as visual acuity or visual field provide an assessment of a patient's visual status. However such measures may not reflect the degree of visual impairment the patient experiences in his or her daily activities. Visual impairment has been shown to have negative...

Emergency programs, which often call for exceptions to ordinary rules and procedures and flexible, short-term, reactive activities that preempt attention from overall ends, pose special problems for both process and goal-attainment evaluations. An emergency is defined as: (1) a change in life...

International wholesale financial markets have long been used to exploiting the cutting edge of technology to find more efficient ways of doing business. But now new electronic technologies are changing the structure and dynamics of markets themselves as seldom before, and the rate of change is...