collieries provide ideal examples of a threefold interface of class, caste and gender that is explored by this paper using …Coal mining in modern India expanded during the British raj and proved to be one area where indigenous women took up … Indian society in eastern India adopted and resisted modernity under colonialism have stressed the active roles of urban men …

caste and religious identities in India, and how that has changed over time. I use data from seven different rounds of … National Sample Survey (NSS) to investigate the wage differences that accrue due to different caste and religious identities. I … find that Indian Muslim men earn slightly lower wages compared to their upper-caste Hindu counterparts, and this difference …

We investigate the impact of community power on the practice of untouchability in rural India. We model two …-dimensional simultaneous group conflict over social norms, wherein an upper and backward (OBC) caste Hindu bloc contests the 'scheduled' castes … bloc will increase the likelihood of an upper caste or OBC Hindu household practising untouchability. An increase in that …