X-Chromosome inactivation is the process whereby one of the two X-chromosomes in female cells is silenced to prevent the cell producing too much of any X-linked proteins and RNA. The proposed blocking-factor mechanism of X-inactivation is not well understood and hence is the subject of much...

Recent experiments involving competition of clonal populations of RNA viruses have shown that competition among virus strains of approximately equal relative fitness can result in the eventual competitive exclusion of one of the species. As competition proceeds in time, both the winers and the...

In this work, we present a collision avoidance technique for a crowd robust navigation of individuals in evacuation which is a good example of a complex system. The proposed algorithm is inspired from the Reynolds model, with the addition of several individuals' behavioral criteria as well as a...

In this article, the author briefly summarise the characteristics of the science of complexity or post- Bertalanffy General Systems. The author discusses the shift from considering systems as acquiring properties due to their explicit or supposed design, to self-organised, emergent systems....

There is continuing debate about what explains cooperation and self-sacrifice in nature and in particular in humans. This paper suggests a new way to think about this famous problem. I argue that, for an evolutionary biologist as well as a quantitative social scientist, the triangle of two...