We study the harmonization of the base remuneration for the Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) who were …. With respect to political selection, we find that a higher remuneration increases re-election rates. The composition of the …

that direct election regimes ease the selection of competent politicians into office. …This paper investigates how direct election regimes (à la presidential democracy) affect the selection of women into … of female mayors substantially. The results are stronger in cities with a high pre-reform share of female politicians and …

regional districts for elections to the European Parliament. Analysis of the 2001, 2004 and 2008 Senate elections suggests that … reforms. Examining the 2004 and 2009 European Parliament elections, we find that the change to eight regional districts had an … adverse effect on the election of female MEPs, primarily because fewer women headed the regional party lists. Party …

In 2002 agreement was reached on new uniform electoral procedures for European Parliament elections. This article does …

parliamentary term to assess how European Parliament (EP) election proximity affects party group cohesion. Our formal model of …Parties value unity, yet, members of parliament face competing demands, giving them incentives to deviate from the … party line. For members of the European Parliament (MEPs), these competing demands are national party and European party …