The vulnerability index presented in this paper is a tool to measure the vulnerability of different city areas related to flooding. The index is applied to the boroughs of the City of Hamburg. The city faces three different kinds of flood risks: storm surges, inland flooding and heavy rainfall....

The goal of this paper is to show, in practice, how to define and use indicators to provide and communicate information for policy-making and decision-making to reduce environmental, social, and economic vulnerability and increase sustainability. The information should allow the definition of...

Among the semi-enclosed basins of the world ocean, the South China Sea (SCS) is unique in its configuration as it lies under the main southwest-northeast pathway of the seasonal monsoons. The northeast (NE) monsoon (November–February) and southwest (SW) monsoon (June–August) dominate the...

Measurements and numerical simulations carried out off Mumbai coast for the period 22 October–22 November 2009 showed significant variations in water level and currents during cyclone Phyan. Changes in the meridional component of the current velocity were found to be highly significant during...

It is shown here that uncertainty can significantly affect estimated surge levels over a wide range of annual exceedance probabilities (AEPs). For AEPs in the range of 1 × 10<Superscript>−2</Superscript>–5 × 10<Superscript>−2</Superscript> in the New Orleans area, estimated surge values with and without consideration of uncertainty...</superscript></superscript>

Because of its location close to a region of tropical cyclone formation, the city ofCairns is regularly affected by tropical cyclones. Most cyclones occur in the monthsJanuary–March, although some have affected Cairns in December and April. There is a strong year-to-year variation in tropical...

Estimates of return periods of extreme sea level events along the coast are useful for impact assessment. In this study, a vertically integrated 2D model was developed for the simulation of storm surges in the Bay of Bengal. The bathymetry for the model was derived from an improved ETOPO-5 data...

Meteorological tsunamis are frequently observed in different tide stations at the southeastern coast of South America. They are associated with the occurrence of atmospheric gravity waves during the passages of cold fronts over the Buenos Aires Province continental shelf. On the other hand,...

Wind waves and elevated water levels together can cause flooding in low-lying coastal areas, where the water level may be a combination of mean sea level, tides and surges generated by storm events. In areas with a wide continental shelf a travelling external surge may combine with the locally...