This paper develops a theory of strategic vertical DFI (direct foreign investment) to suggest an explanation for the empirical puzzle of the missing "pollution-haven" effect. It focuses on a firm's strategic incentive to create multi-market interdependence (in addition to other conventional...

Books reviewed: Thomas F. Cargill, Michael M. Hutchinson and Takatoshi Ito, Financial Policy and Central Banking in Japan Klaus Gunter Deutsch and Bernard Speyer, The World Trade Organization Millennium Round - Freer Trade in the Twenty-first Century Lonnie Golden and Deborah M. Figart (eds.),...

This paper presents a model in which economies of scope in production play a key role in a vertically-linked production structure. It identifies the divergence in the degrees of economies of scope and the attribute spaces of the products in different stages of production as a fundamental...

This paper shows that the issues in the recent discussion over the 'home-market effects' are more complicated than previously thought. It is shown that, in general, market size matters for industrial structure even when both the homogeneous and the differentiated goods face transport costs. The...

Retired batteries are repurposed widely in energy storage packs as an economical and eco-friendly method to achieve echelon utilization. However, pack performance is strongly affected by the variations of retired cells and the configuration of pack. Quantifying this effect with various pack...

In this paper some coherent explanations are suggested for tariff reductions and substitution of non-tariff barriers for tariffs, taking into account both organized special interests and unorganized consumer interests. The focus is on how the presence of informed consumers affects the political...

Suppose that governments care about their tax revenue and local firms have some say in environmental regulations. Then, the level of employment and environmental compliance may be negotiated. We find that firms located in different countries can improve their threat-point payoffs by mutual...

We develop a North-South model of international trade and transboundary pollution to analyze the relationship between environmental technology transfer and the South's incentive to sign an international environmental agreement (IEA). First, we show that technology transfer could either increase...

How is it that environmental groups can have a strong impact on environmental policy but without much lobbying? This paper develops a model of "direct" (lobbying the government) and "indirect" (persuading the public) competition for political influence and finds that they are complementary....

A simple Smith-Ricardo model is developed that incorporates division of labor into the continuum-good Ricardian model of Dornbusch et al.(1977). The trade off between the efficiency gain and coordination cost associated with production specialization de-termines the efficient level of division...