WTO-based concern. …

There are essentially two types of plurilateral trade agreements (PAs) among WTO Members, an exclusive and an open … discussions. This article takes a sceptical view, since any such PA would need to be agreed by consensus among all 160-odd WTO … treaty frameworks, as "WTO-extra" understandings. …

economic policy. In our empirical analysis, based on an extensive dataset covering most of world trade, we find that GSP tends …The Generalized System of Preferences (GSP) was established to promote the exports of low-income countries to … complex and the effects of GSP have been found to be controversial. While previous studies solely analyzed preferential …

impact follows from erosion of EU preferences. This suggests the erosion problem is primarily bilateral rather than a WTO …

WTO-based concern …

effect on the exports of beneficiaries when they are members of the World Trade Organization and are very poor. Not …-so-poor beneficiaries also expand foreign sales, but only if they are not WTO members. For all others, the average export effects of NRTPs …

world ($900 million) …

To date, government procurement has been effectively carved out of the main multilateral rules of the WTO system. This … addition to relevant elements of the WTO Agreements, particularly the Agreement on Government Procurement (GPA) and the General …:2); (ii) "multilateralization" of the GPA; (iii) the reactivation of work in the (currently inactive) WTO Working Group …

century. Secondly, in one area of economic activity - trade in government procurement markets - the revised WTO Agreement on …