The US Civil War provides researchers a unique opportunity to identify wartime leaders and thus to test theories of leadership. By observing both leaders and followers during the war and forty years after it, I establish that the most able became wartime leaders, that leading by example from the...

“Nudges” are being widely promoted to encourage energy conservation. We show that the popular electricity conservation “nudge” of providing feedback to households on own and peers’ home electricity usage in a home electricity report is two to four times more effective with political...

The sources and conditions conducive to economic growth and development are among the most studied and debated topics in economics. If there is any consensus, it is that institutions matter greatly in explaining why some economies do better, over time, than others. Understanding Long-Run...