"In this paper we propose a method to evaluate the effectiveness of U.S. horizontal merger policy and apply it to the … most problematic for the antitrust agencies. Thus we estimate an upper bound on the likely price effect of completed … mergers. Our study employs retail scanner data and uses familiar panel data program evaluation procedures to measure price …

larger price increases than mergerrelated exits. Within the merger category, our analysis reveals significant price increases … on all affected routes immediately after the exit events. In the medium and long-run, however, realized merger … ; exit ; liquidation ; merger ; efficiencies ; entry-inducing effects …