This study develops a model in which a multinational firm creates a brand that generates income in multiple countries. Many firms attempt to develop a brand, but only one firm succeeds. The firm that creates the brand earns positive residual profits. The industry as a whole does not, as the...

In this paper, we (1) analyse the German public IT-spending programme 2009-11 adopted after the crisis in terms of its tangible vs. intangible asset creation, (2) consider this relatively well-described programme as a use case for categorising IT-related intangibles in government beyond software...