downstream. -- Specific tax ; ad valorem tax ; value-added tax ; tax incidence ; tax efficiency ; indirect taxation ; imperfect …This paper analyzes the effects of specific and ad valorem taxation in an industry with downstream and upstream … oligopoly. We find that in the short run, i.e. when the number of firms in both markets is exogenous, the results concerning tax …

economic theory prescribes that the advertising volume can be optimally reduced by levying a tax on ads. However, making use of … counterproductive. In particular, we identify a number of situations in which ad-adverse consumers are negatively affected by the tax …, and we even show that the tax may lead to higher ad volumes. This unorthodox reaction to a tax may arise when consumers …

opposite effects; it increases prices and leads to lower sales. This is not true for ebooks, but a low-tax policy is still …

financial intermediation. We formalize a trade-off between tax policies that burden the owners of banks and tax policies that … burden households. We also study the implications of the financial sector's exemption from value added taxation (VAT). Main … results are that an increased taxation of the banks' profits goes together with a larger financial sector, as measured by the …

financial intermediation. We formalize a trade-off between tax policies that burden the owners of banks and tax policies that … burden households. We also study the implications of the financial sector’s exemption from value added taxation (VAT). Main … results are that an increased taxation of the banks’ profits goes together with a larger financial sector, as measured by the …

and Venezuela. We find that, for a given tax rate, revenue declines over time. Therefore, in order to meet a fixed revenue … target in real terms, the tax rate needs to be raised repeatedly. However, we also find that successive increases in the tax … rate erode the tax base by more than they raise revenue yield and that the higher the increase in the tax rate, the more …

Using macro-level panel data, we examine the effects of taxation and tax progressivity on entrepreneurship in a large … group of European countries. We address two main objectives. First, we try to explore whether tax increases discourage … entrepreneurial activity, focusing on new self-employment (nascent entrepreneurship). Second, we investigate the impact of tax …

billions of dollars in taxes every year, but given their demographic profile are likely to pay taxes at a higher effective tax …

economic theory prescribes that the advertising volume can be optimally reduced by levying a tax on ads. However, making use of … counterproductive. In particular, we identify a number of situations in which ad-adverse consumers are negatively affected by the tax …, and we even show that the tax may lead to higher ad volumes. This unorthodox reaction to a tax may arise when consumers …