Fresh produce growers are the main source of food contamination by chemical pesticides. In their choice of farming practices, producers are influenced by market forces as well as public and private safety regulations – or “macro-drivers” – as opposed to farm-level micro-drivers. Growers...

Chemical contamination of fresh produce through pesticide spraying is considered a minor risk for consumer health. As a result, a high proportion of safety controls may be delegated to the private sector by public agencies. Private control is even greater when fresh produce is sold to...