Purpose – Excavator productivity calculations embrace myriad variables, which in turn, can be modelled in several ways. A key productivity variable is operator competence ( O c ) because this can impact on so many of the other variables. Earlier research has studied excavator productivity, but...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate relationships between five energy efficiency programs and electricity intensities in the US commercial buildings sector. Design/methodology/approach – Regression methods analyze state-level secondary data from 2006 through 2009 to...