aggregate of cross-border investment positions. It also reports some information on bilateral cross-border investment patterns …

direct investment, portfolio equity, debt, remittance, and aid flows) in a large sample of emerging market and developing …

finance. The paper assembles comprehensive bilateral data on cross-border bank loans and deposits, portfolio investment in … debt and equity, foreign direct investment, and international reserves. The main finding is that global financial … North. By 2018, the South accounted for 24 to 40 percent of international loans and deposits, portfolio investment, and …