The lending-rate differentials between loans to small and large companies are striking. According to several studies, these disparities of loan rates are primarily a result of a lower informational efficiency at small companies. This study examines to what extent such differences in loan rates...

Der aus digitalen Prozessdaten der Lkw-Mauterhebung berechnete Lkw-Maut-Fahrleistungsindex liefert frühzeitig Anhaltspunkte zur Entwicklung der Industrieproduktion in Deutschland. Während der Coronakrise wird der Index arbeitstäglich aktualisiert, um möglichst kurzfristige Informationen zu...

The integrated provision of energy among various energy sectors plays an important role in the process of decarbonisation of large energy systems. An important pillar is thereby the decarbonisation of the heat sector, where nowadays still a large percentage of heat supply originates from...

Consumer price inflation, as measured by the year-on-year increase in the Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices (HICP), is used by the European Central Bank (ECB) for assessing its monetary policy. The European Statistical System regularly introduces methodological improvements into this...

Having concluded that changes in market structure affect competition and firm performance within an industry, literature continous to alter between two grand theories: the quot;Structure-Conduct Performancequot; hypothesis and the quot;Efficient Structurequot; hypothesis. This paper proposes a...

The nominal effective exchange rate (EER) of a currency is an index of the tradeweighted average of its bilateral exchange rates vis-à-vis the currencies of selected trading partners, while the real EER is derived by adjusting the nominal index for relative prices or costs. The nominal EER...

The flexibilization of electricity demand and production becomes increasingly important in energy systems with rising shares of fluctuating renewable electricity production. Power-to-heat and cogeneration units, combined with thermal storages, are considered as promising technologies for the...

The nominal effective exchange rate (EER) of a currency is an index of the trade-weighted average of its bilateral exchange rates vis-à-vis the currencies of selected trading partners, while the real EER is derived by adjusting the nominal index for relative prices or costs. The nominal EER...