is still largely unclear what caused them. This paper presents a new unified explanation of the fertility Boom-Bust that … the entry of the D-cohort is associated with increased births in the 1950s, while its retirement turned the fertility Boom … completed fertility of all cohorts involved. …

fertility rate and emigration rate are going to develop in Africa. Even modest increases in emigration from Africa would …

This paper examines the impact of male casualties due to World War II on fertility and female employment in the United … counties in the U.S. experienced a Baby Boom following the war, we find that the increase in fertility was lower in high … fertility, we provide evidence that county male casualties are positively related to 1950s female employment and household …

This study examines the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on fertility in Norway at the individual level. Studies using … data at the macro level have found a positive short-term effect of the pandemic on fertility level in Norway, but women …'s fertility response to the pandemic may differ depending on their life situation. We use the first lockdown on March 12, 2020 as …

19th century in the United States. We construct new measures of fertility changes and measures of railroad access at the … county level from 1850 - 1890. We are able to document market-access-induced changes in fertility due to both extensive … margins (shifts in occupations with different average fertility rates) and intensive margins (changes in fertility within each …

Higher fertility slowly increases the workers-to-retirees ratio over the long run, which can ease the pension financing …-productivity profiles and pension systems can explain the exception. Fertility-promoting policies will always ease the public finance …

fertility decline. Various pro-natalist policy measures, including baby bonuses and universal child care, have been undertaken …, housing can play a vital role in shaping fertility decisions, but its effect on fertility has largely remained unexamined. The … its potential to curtail fertility decline. This paper seeks to address this gap by empirically examining this often …

We believe the massive rural electrification, which began in 1992, played a significant role in the varying fertility …-rural variation in fertility by exploiting the exogenous variations in the access rate to electricity at the district-level. Our … results indicate that electrification contributes to a fall in fertility among rural women by between one and three children …

-validation criteria. Third, we use data on Google searches during the COVID-19 pandemic to predict changes in aggregate fertility rates in … declines in fertility due to COVID-19. This finding is consistent with elevated caseloads of COVID-19 in low-income and …

fertility, one of the central relations in demography, and show that several factors - including disruptions to marriage and …This paper studies the effect of the 1918-19 influenza pandemic on fertility using a historical dataset from Sweden …. Our results suggest an immediate reduction in fertility driven by morbidity, and additional behavioral effects driven by …