. As retirement is potentially endogenous with respect to cognition, instrumental variable (IV) methods are also used. The … estimations are used, the effect of retirement on cognition is negative but statistically insignificant. Differences between OLS …

association between retirement duration - defined as time elapsed since last job ended - and cognition. This association is …, however, very small when compared to the association of age or education with cognition. As retirement is potentially … endogenous to cognition, instrumental variable (IV) methods are also used. The instrument employed is the abolition of the so …