Farmers awarded with lands under a collective CLOA (CCLOA) have been experiencing problems arising from the collective arrangement (e.g. boundary issues, disputes with other collective members). These issues discourage many farmers from making long-term investment decisions on their land,...

This study evaluates the performance of the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP) in the last 30 years using the program's theory of change. A results chain framework was constructed and the program processes examined drawing from several studies that assessed the implementation and...