This paper focus’s on the third-party certifiers’ strategy when choosing a required label quality, and the consequent market outcome. We consider two different objectives of the certifier: maximizing global demand for the labeled product (wide public policy), or maximizing global quality of...

A tree is said to be -magic if there exits a super magic labeling such that then the vertices of is partioned into three color classes , , so that the vertex labels in ∈ {1,2,3} are all consecutive labels. In this paper we have given -magic labeling of a class of trees with diameter four that...

Directed paths are obtained by inverting a matrix with elements from a field, showing that it is unnecessary to go through the cumbersome procedure of inverting a matrix with elements from a division ring

Directed paths are obtained by inverting a matrix with elements from a field, showing that it is unnecessary to go through the cumbersome procedure of inverting a matrix with elements from a division ring

Eco-labels, certifications, and seals of approval serve a variety of functions, including communicating to businesses and consumers the environmental attributes of a particular product or the dangers that product may pose. Eco-labels have the potential to improve environmental outcomes in a...

This paper examines the liability and labeling approaches to regulating product safety. Stronger product liability increases producer care, which then has a negative lulling effect on consumer attention to warning labels. By contrast, more visible warning labels increase such consumer care,...