the choice between formal and informal employment and between selfemployment and wage employment. We depart from the most … coverage by social security contributions, primarily, contributions to the Pension Fund. We find that types of employment … the formal sector workers. Neither, risk preferences unambiguously determine the self-employment status. Wage and salaried …

, the unorganized sector is large, accounting for more than 99 percent of establishments and 80 percent of employment in … manufacturing. Second, the unorganized sector is stubbornly persistent-it accounted for 81 percent of manufacturing employment in … states show limited change in unorganized sector employment shares. Fourth, the degree to which localized unorganized …

Household enterprises-usually one-person-operated tiny informal enterprises-are a rapidly growing source of employment …

Informal employment is ubiquitous in developing countries, but few studies have estimated workers' switching costs … between informal and formal employment. This paper builds on the empirical literature grounded in discrete choice models to … employment are significantly lower than the costs of entry in formal employment. Simulations of labor-market adjustments caused …

We take advantage of a natural experiment in the minimum wage setting in Russia to study the employment consequences of … effect of this reform, we follow the approach proposed by David Card and compare changes in employment rates and other labor … adverse effects of the 2007 hike in the minimum wage on employment. They are mostly visible in lower employment rates among …